Safety Warning
DIY auto repair can cause serious injury, fire, or vehicle damage. These guides are for informational purposes only. Always follow OEM torque specs, wear PPE, and consult a certified mechanic if you are unsure. You are solely responsible for your safety.
Wheel Speed Sensor/Tone Wheel Assemblies
Four Wheel Speed Sensor (WSS)/tone wheel assemblies are used, one on each wheel. WSS constantly delivers an AC analog voltage signal to Controller Anti-Lock Brake (CAB). CAB then translates this voltage signal into digital signals via the Analog-to-Digital (A/D) converter inside the CAB for each wheel.
On front wheels, WSS is located on steering knuckle, and tone wheel is located on outer CV joint on axle shaft. On rear wheels, WSS is mounted on brake caliper adapter plate, and tone wheel is located on hub assembly. WSS air gap is non-adjustable.
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When to See a Mechanic
Stop DIY work and contact a certified mechanic immediately if any of the following apply:
- • You smell fuel, burning insulation, or see smoke.
- • Brakes feel soft, pull hard to one side, or make grinding noises.
- • The engine overheats, stalls repeatedly, or misfires under load.
- • You are missing required tools, torque specs, or safe lifting equipment.
- • You are not confident in the next step or safety outcome.