Safety Warning
DIY auto repair can cause serious injury, fire, or vehicle damage. These guides are for informational purposes only. Always follow OEM torque specs, wear PPE, and consult a certified mechanic if you are unsure. You are solely responsible for your safety.
Air mass
Measurement range 0-1020 kg/h.
The value indicates the mass air flow that passes through the mass air flow (MAF) sensor.
The engine control module (ECM) calculates the value based on the signal from the mass air flow (MAF) sensor.
Normal value with the engine at operating temperature and idling, neutral and air conditioning (A/C) switched off: approximately 14 kilograms per hour.
Other values apply if the generator (GEN) is under load, if for example, high beam is on, the heated rear windshield is on etc.
Use the Manual With the Right Hardware
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When to See a Mechanic
Stop DIY work and contact a certified mechanic immediately if any of the following apply:
- • You smell fuel, burning insulation, or see smoke.
- • Brakes feel soft, pull hard to one side, or make grinding noises.
- • The engine overheats, stalls repeatedly, or misfires under load.
- • You are missing required tools, torque specs, or safe lifting equipment.
- • You are not confident in the next step or safety outcome.
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