Safety Warning
DIY auto repair can cause serious injury, fire, or vehicle damage. These guides are for informational purposes only. Always follow OEM torque specs, wear PPE, and consult a certified mechanic if you are unsure. You are solely responsible for your safety.
SYS.OK|MANUAL.DBβ LIVE
HOMESERVICE MANUALSVOLVO1993850 L5-2.4L VIN 55 B5254SREPAIR AND DIAGNOSISA L L DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES ( DTC )TESTING AND INSPECTIONMANUFACTURER CODE CHARTSEFI / DTC CODES (ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM)DTC 3-1-1FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM
1993 Volvo 850 L5-2.4L VIN 55 B5254S
Fuel Injection System
1993 Volvo 850 L5-2.4L VIN 55 B5254SSECTION Fuel Injection System
3-1-1 VEHICLE SPEED SENSOR SIGNAL
Condition(s) for DTC
^ The MFI module is dependent on this signal for idling control, fuel cut-off etc., The DTC will be recorded if the signal is absent for 5 seconds while the engine speed is over 3000 rpm and the load signal corresponds to part load.
Substitute value
^ None.
Fault source(s)
^ Signal lead short-circuited to ground or supply.
^ Open-circuit in signal lead.
^ Faulty speedometer.
^ Fault in sensor circuit.
Fault symptom(s)
^ No fuel cut-off.
TESTING PROCEDURE

Other DTCs
^ Read other DTCs.
If MFI DTC 1-2-1 is recorded:
- Proceed to DTC 1-2-1 Mass Air Flow Sensor Signal.
If MFI DTC 1-2-1 is not recorded:
- Check Status message.

Status message
^ Check current Status Message.
If Status message is: Permanent fault, signal faulty:
- Proceed to: PERMANENT FAULT, SIGNAL FAULTY Section below.
If Status message is: Intermittent fault, signal faulty:
- Proceed to: INTERMITTENT FAULT, SIGNAL FAULTY Section below.
PERMANENT FAULT, SIGNAL FAULTY

Checking speedometer
^ Test drive car.
^ Check that speedometer is operating.
If speedometer is not operating:
- Carry out fault tracing on combined instrument and VSS circuit.
If speedometer is indicating correctly:
- Check DTCs in combined instrument.
Checking DTCs in combined instrument
^ Switch ON ignition.
^ Check if DTC 1-3-1 is recorded in combined instrument (terminal 7 on DLC A).
If DTC 1-3-1 is not recorded:
- Check VSS signal.
If DTC 1-3-1 is recorded:
- Check lead between MFI B18 and combined instrument connector terminal A:7 for short-circuit to supply.

Checking VSS signal
^ Connect test box to MFI system and check ground terminals.
^ Plug MFI module into test box adapter.
^ Place gear lever in NEUTRAL.
^ Jack up car and support securely so that front wheels are free to rotate.

^ Switch ON ignition.
^ Connect voltmeter across #48 (MFI B18) and #20 (MFI A20) on test box.

^ Spin front wheels slowly by hand.
Instrument reading should oscillate between approx. 0.5 Volts and over 5 Volts.
If reading is correct:
- DTC is due to poor connection in MFI module connector. Check connector for contact resistance and oxidation.
If instrument indicates constant value of approx. 0 Volts:
- Check lead between MFI B18 and combined instrument connector A:7 for short-circuit to ground.
If instrument indicates constant value of approx. 5 Volts:
- Check lead between MFI B18 and combined instrument connector terminal A:7 for open-circuit.
INTERMITTENT FAULT, SIGNAL FAULTY

Checking DTCs in combined instrument
^ Switch ON ignition.
^ Check if DTC 1-3-1 is stored in combined instrument (terminal 7 on DLC A).
If DTC 1-3-1 is recorded:
- Check lead between MFI B18 and combined instrument connector terminal A:7 for intermittent short-circuit to supply.
If DTC 1-3-1 is not recorded:
- Check combined instrument and VSS circuit for intermittent fault.
- Check MFI module connector, combined instrument connector and connector 24/13 for loose connections.
- Check lead between MFI B18 and combined instrument connector terminal A:7 for intermittent open-circuit and for intermittent short-circuit to ground.
Condition(s) for DTC
^ The MFI module is dependent on this signal for idling control, fuel cut-off etc., The DTC will be recorded if the signal is absent for 5 seconds while the engine speed is over 3000 rpm and the load signal corresponds to part load.
Substitute value
^ None.
Fault source(s)
^ Signal lead short-circuited to ground or supply.
^ Open-circuit in signal lead.
^ Faulty speedometer.
^ Fault in sensor circuit.
Fault symptom(s)
^ No fuel cut-off.
TESTING PROCEDURE
Other DTCs
^ Read other DTCs.
If MFI DTC 1-2-1 is recorded:
- Proceed to DTC 1-2-1 Mass Air Flow Sensor Signal.
If MFI DTC 1-2-1 is not recorded:
- Check Status message.
Status message
^ Check current Status Message.
If Status message is: Permanent fault, signal faulty:
- Proceed to: PERMANENT FAULT, SIGNAL FAULTY Section below.
If Status message is: Intermittent fault, signal faulty:
- Proceed to: INTERMITTENT FAULT, SIGNAL FAULTY Section below.
PERMANENT FAULT, SIGNAL FAULTY
Checking speedometer
^ Test drive car.
^ Check that speedometer is operating.
If speedometer is not operating:
- Carry out fault tracing on combined instrument and VSS circuit.
If speedometer is indicating correctly:
- Check DTCs in combined instrument.
Checking DTCs in combined instrument
^ Switch ON ignition.
^ Check if DTC 1-3-1 is recorded in combined instrument (terminal 7 on DLC A).
If DTC 1-3-1 is not recorded:
- Check VSS signal.
If DTC 1-3-1 is recorded:
- Check lead between MFI B18 and combined instrument connector terminal A:7 for short-circuit to supply.
Checking VSS signal
^ Connect test box to MFI system and check ground terminals.
^ Plug MFI module into test box adapter.
^ Place gear lever in NEUTRAL.
^ Jack up car and support securely so that front wheels are free to rotate.
^ Switch ON ignition.
^ Connect voltmeter across #48 (MFI B18) and #20 (MFI A20) on test box.
^ Spin front wheels slowly by hand.
Instrument reading should oscillate between approx. 0.5 Volts and over 5 Volts.
If reading is correct:
- DTC is due to poor connection in MFI module connector. Check connector for contact resistance and oxidation.
If instrument indicates constant value of approx. 0 Volts:
- Check lead between MFI B18 and combined instrument connector A:7 for short-circuit to ground.
If instrument indicates constant value of approx. 5 Volts:
- Check lead between MFI B18 and combined instrument connector terminal A:7 for open-circuit.
INTERMITTENT FAULT, SIGNAL FAULTY
Checking DTCs in combined instrument
^ Switch ON ignition.
^ Check if DTC 1-3-1 is stored in combined instrument (terminal 7 on DLC A).
If DTC 1-3-1 is recorded:
- Check lead between MFI B18 and combined instrument connector terminal A:7 for intermittent short-circuit to supply.
If DTC 1-3-1 is not recorded:
- Check combined instrument and VSS circuit for intermittent fault.
- Check MFI module connector, combined instrument connector and connector 24/13 for loose connections.
- Check lead between MFI B18 and combined instrument connector terminal A:7 for intermittent open-circuit and for intermittent short-circuit to ground.
RENDER: 1.0x
NO RELATED
Recommended Tools & Savings
Use the Manual With the Right Hardware
Pair factory procedures with proven DIY tools so the instructions are easier to execute.
Affiliate disclosure: We may earn a commission at no extra cost to you.
When to See a Mechanic
Stop DIY work and contact a certified mechanic immediately if any of the following apply:
- β’ You smell fuel, burning insulation, or see smoke.
- β’ Brakes feel soft, pull hard to one side, or make grinding noises.
- β’ The engine overheats, stalls repeatedly, or misfires under load.
- β’ You are missing required tools, torque specs, or safe lifting equipment.
- β’ You are not confident in the next step or safety outcome.