P2196

DTC P2195 Oxygen (A/F) Sensor Signal Stuck Lean (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
DTC P2196 Oxygen (A/F) Sensor Signal Stuck Rich (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
DTC P2197 Oxygen (A/F) Sensor Signal Stuck Lean (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
DTC P2198 Oxygen (A/F) Sensor Signal Stuck Rich (Bank 2 Sensor 1)

DESCRIPTION

HINT:
- Although the DTC titles refer to the "oxygen sensor", these DTCs relate to the Air Fuel Ratio (A/F) sensor.
- Sensor 1 refers to the sensor mounted in front of the Three-Way Catalytic Converter (TWC) and located near the engine assembly.

DTC Detection Condition:

The A/F sensor generates voltage* that corresponds to the actual air fuel ratio. This sensor voltage is used to provide the ECM with feedback so that it can control the air fuel ratio. The ECM determines the deviation from the stoichiometric air fuel ratio level, and regulates the fuel injection time. If the A/F sensor malfunctions, the ECM is unable to control the air fuel ratio accurately.

The A/F sensor is the planar type and is integrated with the heater, which heats the solid electrolyte (zirconia element). This heater is controlled by the ECM. When the intake air volume is low (the exhaust gas temperature is low), a current flows into the heater to heat the sensor, in order to facilitate accurate oxygen concentration detection. In addition, the sensor and heater portions are narrower than the conventional type. The heat generated by the heater is conducted to the solid electrolyte through the alumina, and the sensor activation is accelerated.

In order to obtain a high purification rate of the carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) components in the exhaust gas, a TWC is used. For the most efficient use of the TWC, the air fuel ratio must be precisely controlled so that it is always close to the stoichiometric level.

HINT: * Value changes inside the ECM. Since the A/F sensor is the current output element, the current is converted to a voltage inside the ECM. Any measurements taken at the A/F sensor or ECM connectors will show a constant voltage.

HINT:
- DTCs P2195 and P2196 indicate malfunctions related to bank 1 A/F sensor circuit.
- DTCs P2197 and P2198 indicate malfunctions related to bank 2 A/F sensor circuit.
- Bank 1 refers to the bank that includes No. 1 cylinder.
- Bank 2 refers to the bank that includes No. 2 cylinder.
- When any of these DTCs are set, check the A/F sensor output voltage by entering the following menus on the intelligent tester: DIAGNOSIS / ENHANCED OBD II / DATA LIST / PRIMARY / AFS B1S1.
- Short-term fuel trim values can also be read using the intelligent tester.
- The ECM regulates the voltages at the A1A+, A2A+, A1A- and A2A- terminals of the ECM to a constant level. Therefore, the A/F sensor output voltage cannot be confirmed without using the intelligent tester.
- If an A/F sensor malfunction is detected, the ECM sets a DTC.

MONITOR DESCRIPTION

Monitor Strategy:

Typical Enabling Conditions:

Typical Malfunction Thresholds:

- Sensor voltage detection monitor
Under the air fuel ratio feedback control, if the A/F sensor output voltage indicates rich or lean for a certain period of time, the ECM determines that is a malfunction in the A/F sensor. The ECM illuminates the MIL and sets a DTC.

Example:
If the A/F sensor voltage output is less than 2.8 V (very rich condition) for 10 seconds, despite the HO2 sensor output voltage being less than 0.6 V, the ECM sets DTC P2196. Alternatively, if the A/F sensor output voltage is more than 3.8 V (very lean condition) for 15 seconds, despite the HO2 sensor output voltage being 0.15 V or more, DTC P2195 is set.

- Sensor current detection monitor
A rich air fuel mixture causes a low A/F sensor current, and a lean air fuel mixture causes a high A/F sensor current. Therefore, the sensor output becomes low during acceleration, and it becomes high during deceleration with the throttle valve fully closed. The ECM monitors the A/F sensor current during fuel-cut and detects any abnormal current values.
If the A/F sensor output is 3.6 mA or more for more than 3 seconds of cumulative time, the ECM interprets this as a malfunction in the A/F sensor and sets DTC P2195 (high-side stuck). If the A/F sensor output is 1.4 mA or less for more than 3 seconds of cumulative time, the ECM sets DTC P2196 (low-side stuck).

MONITOR RESULT
Detailed information on Checking Monitor Status. Checking Monitor Status

Wiring Diagram:

CONFIRMATION DRIVING PATTERN

This confirmation driving pattern is used in the following diagnostic troubleshooting inspection procedure when using the intelligent tester.







a. Connect the intelligent tester to the CAN VIM. Then connect the CAN VIM to the DLC3.
b. Turn the ignition switch ON.
c. Turn the tester ON.
d. Clear DTCs.
e. Start the engine, and warm it up until the ECT reaches 75 degree C (167 degree F) or higher.
f. On the intelligent tester, enter the following menus to check the fuel-cut status: DIAGNOSIS / ENHANCED OBD II / DATA LIST / USER DATA / FC IDLE.
g. Drive the vehicle at between 38 mph (60 km/h) and 75 mph (120 km/h) for at least 10 minutes.
h. Change the transmission to 2nd gear.
i. Drive the vehicle at proper vehicle speed to perform fuel-cut operation.

HINT: Fuel-cut is performed when the following conditions are met:
- Accelerator pedal fully released.
- Engine speed is 2,500 rpm or more (fuel injection returns at 1,000 rpm).

j. Accelerate the vehicle to 40 rpm (64 km/h) or more by depressing the accelerator pedal for at least 10 seconds.
k. Soon after performing step (j) above, release the accelerator pedal for at least 4 seconds without depressing the brake pedal in order to execute fuel-cut control.
l. Allow the vehicle to decelerate until the vehicle speed declines to less than 6 mph (10 km/h).
m. Repeat steps from (i) through (l) above at least 3 times in one driving cycle.

HINT: Completion of all A/F sensor monitors is required to change the value in TEST RESULT.

CAUTION: Strictly observe posted speed limits, traffic laws, and road conditions when performing these drive patterns.

HINT: Malfunctioning areas can be identified by performing the A/F CONTROL function provided in the ACTIVE TEST. The A/F CONTROL function can help to determine whether the Air Fuel Ratio (A/F) sensor, Heated Oxygen (HO2) sensor and other potential trouble areas are malfunctioning.

The following instructions describe how to conduct the A/F CONTROL operation using the intelligent tester.

1. Connect the intelligent tester to the CAN VIM. Then connect the CAN VIM to the DLC3.
2. Start the engine and turn the tester ON.
3. Warm up the engine at an engine speed of 2,500 rpm for approximately 90 seconds.
4. On the intelligent tester, enter the following menus: DIAGNOSIS / ENHANCED OBD II / ACTIVE TEST / A/F CONTROL.
5. Perform the A/F CONTROL operation with the engine in an idling condition (press the RIGHT or LEFT button to change the fuel injection volume).
6. Monitor the output voltages of the A/F and HO2 sensors (AFS B1S1 and O2S B1S2 or AFS B2S1 and O2S B2S2) displayed on the tester.






HINT:
- The A/F CONTROL operation lowers the fuel injection volume by 12.5 % or increases the injection volume by 25 %.
- Each sensor reacts in accordance with increases in the fuel injection volume.






NOTE:
- The Air Fuel Ratio (A/F) sensor has an output delay of a few seconds and the Heated Oxygen (HO2) sensor has a maximum output delay of approximately 20 seconds.
- Following the A/F CONTROL procedure enables technicians to check and graph the voltage outputs of both the A/F and HO2 sensors.
- To display the graph, enter the following menus on the tester: DIAGNOSIS / ENHANCED OBD II / ACTIVE TEST / A/F CONTROL / USER DATA / AFS B1S1 and O2S B1S2 or AFS B2S1 and O2S B2S2. Then press the YES button and ENTER button, followed by the F4 button.

Step 1:

Step 1(continued)-3:

Step 3(continued):

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Step 8-10:

Step 11-12:

Step 12(continued)-15:

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Step 22:

INSPECTION PROCEDURE

HINT:
- Read freeze frame data using the intelligent tester. Freeze frame data records the engine conditions when malfunctions are detected. When troubleshooting, freeze frame data can help determine if the vehicle was running or stopped, if the engine was warmed up or not, if the air fuel ratio was lean or rich, and other data from the time the malfunction occurred.
- A low A/F sensor voltage could be caused by a rich air fuel mixture. Check for conditions that would cause the engine to run rich.
- A high A/F sensor voltage could be caused by a lean air fuel mixture. Check for conditions that would cause the engine to run lean.