Safety Warning
DIY auto repair can cause serious injury, fire, or vehicle damage. These guides are for informational purposes only. Always follow OEM torque specs, wear PPE, and consult a certified mechanic if you are unsure. You are solely responsible for your safety.
Section 21 (Anti-Lock Brake System): Operation: Notes
During normal driving and braking operations, ABS acts like a conventional braking system. Each Wheel Speed Sensor (WSS) constantly sends an AC voltage signal to the Controller Anti-Lock Brake (CAB), which then translates this information into wheel speed.
When CAB determines that wheel(s) are about to lock-up or slip, it activates appropriate valve in Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) to increase or decrease hydraulic pressure to each wheel. A slight pulsation may be felt through brake pedal.
BRAKE, ANTI-LOCK and TRACTION CONTROL warning lights (if equipped) should come on when ignition is turned on and vehicle is started. If any instrument panel warning light stays on longer than about 5 seconds after vehicle is started, system malfunction is indicated. See DIAGNOSIS & TESTING.
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When to See a Mechanic
Stop DIY work and contact a certified mechanic immediately if any of the following apply:
- • You smell fuel, burning insulation, or see smoke.
- • Brakes feel soft, pull hard to one side, or make grinding noises.
- • The engine overheats, stalls repeatedly, or misfires under load.
- • You are missing required tools, torque specs, or safe lifting equipment.
- • You are not confident in the next step or safety outcome.