Safety Warning
DIY auto repair can cause serious injury, fire, or vehicle damage. These guides are for informational purposes only. Always follow OEM torque specs, wear PPE, and consult a certified mechanic if you are unsure. You are solely responsible for your safety.
Fuel Injection System: Notes
DESCRIPTION
The fuel injection system is made up of the following:
| 1. | Refer to OXYGEN SENSOR . |
| 2. | Refer to ACCELERATOR PEDAL POSITION SENSOR (APPS) . |
| 3. | Refer to MANIFOLD ABSOLUTE PRESSURE (MAP) SENSOR . |
| 4. | Refer to POWERTRAIN CONTROL MODULE (PCM) . |
| 5. | Refer to INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE (IAT) SENSOR . |
| 6. | Refer to THROTTLE BODY . |
| 7. | Refer to FUEL INJECTORS . |
| 8. | Refer to CRANKSHAFT POSITION (CKP) SENSOR . |
OPERATION
Various sensors provide the inputs necessary for the PCM to correctly operate these systems. In addition to the sensors, various switches also provide inputs to the PCM. The PCM can adapt its programming to meet changing operating conditions.
Fuel is injected into the intake port above the intake valve in precise metered amounts through electrically operated injectors. The PCM fires the injectors in a specific sequence. Under most operating conditions, the PCM maintains an air fuel ratio of 14.7 parts air to 1 part fuel by constantly adjusting injector pulse width. Injector pulse width is the length of time the injector is open. The PCM adjusts injector pulse width by opening and closing the ground path to the injector. Engine Revolutions Per Minute (RPM) and manifold absolute pressure (air density) are the primary inputs that determine injector pulse width.
The PCM operates the fuel injection system.
The PCM regulates:
- Ignition timing
- Air/fuel ratio
- Emission control devices
- Cooling fan
- Charging system
- Idle speed
- Vehicle speed control
The PCM monitors the Fuel Injector and wiring for electrical faults as well as the voltage spike created by the collapse of the magnetic field in the injector coil.
NO RELATED
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When to See a Mechanic
Stop DIY work and contact a certified mechanic immediately if any of the following apply:
- • You smell fuel, burning insulation, or see smoke.
- • Brakes feel soft, pull hard to one side, or make grinding noises.
- • The engine overheats, stalls repeatedly, or misfires under load.
- • You are missing required tools, torque specs, or safe lifting equipment.
- • You are not confident in the next step or safety outcome.