Safety Warning
DIY auto repair can cause serious injury, fire, or vehicle damage. These guides are for informational purposes only. Always follow OEM torque specs, wear PPE, and consult a certified mechanic if you are unsure. You are solely responsible for your safety.
Circuit Description
The Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) is mounted on the transaxle. As transaxle turns, VSS provides speedometer with a vehicle speed input through voltage pulses. Each revolution of the axle shaft equals 4 pulses. This input is used to drive the speedometer. The speedometer converts vehicle speed input to a more precise output which is sent to Powertrain Control Module (PCM) and cruise control module, if equipped. PCM sends a 5-volt carrier signal to speedometers vehicle speed output control circuit. On this same circuit, the speedometer produces a pulse width modulated signal that the PCM, and cruise control module use to determine vehicle speed.
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When to See a Mechanic
Stop DIY work and contact a certified mechanic immediately if any of the following apply:
- • You smell fuel, burning insulation, or see smoke.
- • Brakes feel soft, pull hard to one side, or make grinding noises.
- • The engine overheats, stalls repeatedly, or misfires under load.
- • You are missing required tools, torque specs, or safe lifting equipment.
- • You are not confident in the next step or safety outcome.