Safety Warning
DIY auto repair can cause serious injury, fire, or vehicle damage. These guides are for informational purposes only. Always follow OEM torque specs, wear PPE, and consult a certified mechanic if you are unsure. You are solely responsible for your safety.
Diagnostic Aids
"SCAN" tool displays engine temperature in degrees Centigrade. After engine is started, temperature should rise steadily to about 90°C, then stabilize when thermostat opens. A faulty connection, or open in circuit No. 410 or circuit No. 452 will result in Code 15. See INTERMITTENT TROUBLE CODES in TROUBLE SHOOTING section. The TEMPERATURE-TO-RESISTANCE VALUE chart may be used to test coolant sensor at various temperatures to evaluate possibility of "slewed" (mis-scaled) sensor. A "slewed" sensor could result in poor driveability complaints.
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When to See a Mechanic
Stop DIY work and contact a certified mechanic immediately if any of the following apply:
- • You smell fuel, burning insulation, or see smoke.
- • Brakes feel soft, pull hard to one side, or make grinding noises.
- • The engine overheats, stalls repeatedly, or misfires under load.
- • You are missing required tools, torque specs, or safe lifting equipment.
- • You are not confident in the next step or safety outcome.