Circuit Description

The 3-way catalytic converter (TWC) reduces emissions of hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx). The catalyst within the converter promotes a chemical reaction, which oxidizes the HC and CO that are present in the exhaust gas. This process converts these chemicals into water vapor and carbon dioxide (CO2), and will reduce the NOx, by converting them into nitrogen. The catalytic converter also stores oxygen. The engine control module (ECM) monitors this process using heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) sensor 2, located in the exhaust stream after the TWC. These sensors are referred to as the catalyst monitor sensors. The catalyst monitor sensors produce an output signal the ECM uses to indicate the oxygen storage capacity of the catalyst. This determines the catalysts ability to effectively convert the exhaust emissions.

If the catalyst is functioning correctly, the HO2S sensor 2 signal will be far less active than the signal that is produced by HO2S sensor 1. This indicates that the TWC oxygen storage capacity is at an acceptable threshold. When the response time of the catalyst monitor sensors are close to that of the fuel control sensors, the oxygen storage capability of the catalyst may be degraded below an acceptable threshold.

If the ECM detects the degraded condition, DTC P0420 will set.