Basic Knowledge Required

A basic understanding of hand tools is necessary in order to effectively use this section of the Service Manual.

You must be familiar with some of the basics of engine operation and electrical diagnosis in order to use this section of the service manual.

• Basic electrical circuits - You should have an understanding of basic electricity and know the meaning of voltage (volts), current (amps), and resistance (ohms). You should understand what happens in a circuit with an open or a shorted wire, and you should be able to identify a shorted or open circuit by using a DMM. You should be able to read and understand a wiring diagram.
• Use of digital multimeter - You should be familiar with the DMM, particularly the essential tool. You should be able to use the meter in order to measure the voltage (volts), the resistance (ohms), the current (amps), intermittents (min/max), and frequency (Hertz).
• Use of circuit testing tools - You should not use a test lamp to diagnose the engine controls system unless you are specifically instructed to do so. You should know how to the use jumper wires in order to test the components and allow the DMM readings without damaging the terminals. You should know how to use the J 35616  connector test adapter kit and use the kit whenever the diagnostic procedures call for front probing any connector.