NOTE: Check all wiring, harnesses, connectors, and components for damage, overheating, shorting, or looseness. If any defect is found, repair as necessary before proceeding to any PINPOINT TEST.

DO NOT perform any PINPOINT TEST unless directed by a QUICK TESTS procedure. Ensure all non-EEC related defects are corrected. Follow each test step in order until defect is found. DO NOT replace any part unless so directed. When more than one service code exists, start with first code displayed.
PINPOINT TESTS require ensuring electrical circuits are okay before replacing sensors or any other components. Always test circuits for continuity between sensor and ECA. Test all circuits for shorts to power, opens, or shorts to ground. VREF and VPWR circuits should be tested with KOEO or as specified in PINPOINT TESTS.
DO NOT measure voltage or resistance at ECA, or connect any test light unless specified in testing procedure. DO NOT pierce wiring. Isolate both ends of a circuit and turn key off whenever checking for shorts or continuity, unless otherwise specified.
Disconnect solenoids and switches before checking circuit continuity or energizing solenoids.
An open is defined as any resistance greater than 10,000 ohms, unless otherwise specified.
To help diagnose circuits to ECA, turn ignition off and disconnect ECA harness. Connect BOB between ECA and ECA harness to perform circuit and pinpoint tests.

When to See a Mechanic

Stop DIY work and contact a certified mechanic immediately if any of the following apply:

• You smell fuel, burning insulation, or see smoke.

• Brakes feel soft, pull hard to one side, or make grinding noises.

• The engine overheats, stalls repeatedly, or misfires under load.

• You are missing required tools, torque specs, or safe lifting equipment.

• You are not confident in the next step or safety outcome.

Safety Warning

How To Use Pinpoint Tests

Use the Manual With the Right Hardware

When to See a Mechanic

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