Safety Warning
DIY auto repair can cause serious injury, fire, or vehicle damage. These guides are for informational purposes only. Always follow OEM torque specs, wear PPE, and consult a certified mechanic if you are unsure. You are solely responsible for your safety.
Input Sensors
MASS AIR FLOW SENSOR (MAFS)
Type: Hot-Film Type
| Air Flow | Output Voltage (V) | |
|---|---|---|
| kg/h | lb/min | |
| 4.9 | 0.18 | 0.7V |
| 7.3 | 0.27 | 0.9V |
| 12.2 | 0.45 | 1.18V |
| 20.8 | 0.76 | 1.51V |
| 28.3 | 1.04 | 1.73V |
| 38.9 | 1.43 | 1.97V |
| 64.7 | 2.38 | 2.4V |
| 113.3 | 4.16 | 2.9V |
| 185.3 | 6.81 | 3.35V |
| 256.0 | 9.40 | 3.64V |
| 404.6 | 14.87 | 4.07V |
| 476.7 | 17.50 | 4.25V |
| 603.3 | 22.17 | 4.56V |
INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE SENSOR (IATS)
Type: Thermistor type
| Temperature | Resistance (kΩ) | |
|---|---|---|
| °C | °F | |
| -40°C | -40°F | 41.26-47.49 kΩ |
| -20°C | -4°F | 14.26-16.02 kΩ |
| 0°C | 32°F | 5.50-6.05 kΩ |
| 20°C | 68°F | 2.35-2.54 kΩ |
| 40°C | 104°F | 1.11-1.19 kΩ |
| 60°C | 140°F | 0.57-0.60 kΩ |
| 80°C | 176°F | 0.31-0.32 kΩ |
ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR (ECTS)
Type: Thermistor type
| Temperature | Resistance (kΩ) | |
|---|---|---|
| °C | °F | |
| -40°C | -40°F | 48.14 kΩ |
| -20°C | -4°F | 14.13-16.83 kΩ |
| 0°C | 32°F | 5.79 kΩ |
| 20°C | 68°F | 2.31-2.59 kΩ |
| 40°C | 104°F | 1.15 kΩ |
| 60°C | 140°F | 0.59 kΩ |
| 80°C | 176°F | 0.32 kΩ |
THROTTLE POSITION SENSOR (TPS)
Type: Variable resistor type
| Throttle Angle | Output Voltage (V) |
|---|---|
| C.T | 0.2-0.7V |
| W.O.T | Min. 4.0V |
| Items | Specification |
|---|---|
| Sensor Resistance (kΩ) | 1.6-2.4 kΩ |
HEATED OXYGEN SENSOR (HO2S)
Type: Zirconia (ZrO2) Type
| A/F Ratio | Output Voltage (V) |
|---|---|
| Rich | 0.6-1.0V |
| Lean | 0-0.4V |
| Items | Specification |
|---|---|
| Heater Resistance (Ω) | Approximately 9.0Ω at 20 °C (68°F) |
CAMSHAFT POSITION SENSOR (CMPS)
Type: Hall effect type
CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR (CKPS)
Type: Magnetic field sensitive Type
KNOCK SENSOR (KS)
Type: Piezo-electricity type
| Items | Specification |
|---|---|
| Capacitance (pF) | 950-1,350pF |
| Resistance (MΩ) | 4.87MΩ |
FUEL TANK PRESSURE SENSOR (FTPS)
Type: Piezo-Resistivity type
| Pressure (kPa) | Output Voltage (V) |
|---|---|
| -6.67 kPa | 0.5V |
| 0 kPa | 2.5V |
| 6.67 kPa | 4.5V |
Use the Manual With the Right Hardware
Pair factory procedures with proven DIY tools so the instructions are easier to execute.
Disclosure: Verified tool recommendations may earn an affiliate commission at no cost to you.
When to See a Mechanic
Stop DIY work and contact a certified mechanic immediately if any of the following apply:
- • You smell fuel, burning insulation, or see smoke.
- • Brakes feel soft, pull hard to one side, or make grinding noises.
- • The engine overheats, stalls repeatedly, or misfires under load.
- • You are missing required tools, torque specs, or safe lifting equipment.
- • You are not confident in the next step or safety outcome.
Rather have a pro handle this?
A certified mobile mechanic comes to your home or office. They bring the tools, you stay comfortable. No tow truck, no waiting room, no surprises.
No obligation. See pricing before you book.