Safety Warning
DIY auto repair can cause serious injury, fire, or vehicle damage. These guides are for informational purposes only. Always follow OEM torque specs, wear PPE, and consult a certified mechanic if you are unsure. You are solely responsible for your safety.
1991 Ford Taurus L4-153 2.5L HSCFACTORY OEM SERVICE PROCEDURE
Repair and Diagnosis
- A L L Diagnostic Trouble Codes ( DTC )
- Relays and Modules
- Relays and Modules - Accessories and Optional Equipment
- Relays and Modules - Body and Frame
- Relays and Modules - Brakes and Traction Control
- Relays and Modules - Cooling System
- Relays and Modules - Cruise Control
- Relays and Modules - Engine
- Relays and Modules - HVAC
- Relays and Modules - Instrument Panel
- Relays and Modules - Lighting and Horns
- Relays and Modules - Powertrain Management
- Relays and Modules - Restraints and Safety Systems
- Relays and Modules - Starting and Charging
- Relays and Modules - Steering and Suspension
- Relays and Modules - Transmission and Drivetrain
- Relays and Modules - Windows and Glass
- Relays and Modules - Wiper and Washer Systems
- Sensors and Switches
- Sensors and Switches - Accessories and Optional Equipment
- Sensors and Switches - Body and Frame
- Sensors and Switches - Brakes and Traction Control
- Sensors and Switches - Cooling System
- Sensors and Switches - Cruise Control
- Sensors and Switches - Engine
- Sensors and Switches - HVAC
- Sensors and Switches - Instrument Panel
- Sensors and Switches - Lighting and Horns
- Sensors and Switches - Powertrain Management
- Sensors and Switches - Computers and Control Systems
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Barometric Pressure Sensor
- Camshaft Position Sensor
- Coolant Temperature Sensor/Switch (For Computer)
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Cylinder Identification Sensor
- Air Temperature Sensor ( Ambient / Intake )
- Knock Sensor
- Oxygen Sensor
- Power Steering Pressure Switch
- Pressure Feedback Exhaust Sensor
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Transmission Position Sensor/Switch
- Vehicle Speed Sensor
- Sensors and Switches - Emission Control Systems
- Sensors and Switches - Fuel Delivery and Air Induction
- Sensors and Switches - Ignition System
- Sensors and Switches - Computers and Control Systems
- Sensors and Switches - Restraints and Safety Systems
- Sensors and Switches - Starting and Charging
- Sensors and Switches - Steering and Suspension
- Sensors and Switches - Transmission and Drivetrain
- Sensors and Switches - Windows and Glass
- Sensors and Switches - Wiper and Washer Systems
- Maintenance
- Alignment
- Tune-up and Engine Performance Checks
- Drive Belt
- Filters
- Hoses
- Fluids
- Brake Bleeding
- Air Bag(s) Arming and Disarming
- Fuses and Circuit Breakers
- Service Reminder Indicators
- Wheels and Tires
- Service Intervals
- Severe Service Defined
- Routine Service
- Normal Service
- 7500 MI or 12000 KM
- 15000 MI or 24000 KM
- 22500 MI or 36000 KM
- 30000 MI or 48000 KM
- 37500 MI or 60000 KM
- 45000 MI or 72000 KM
- 52500 MI or 84000 KM
- 60000 MI or 96000 KM
- 67500 MI or 108000 KM
- 75000 MI or 120000 KM
- 82500 MI or 132000 KM
- 90000 MI or 144000 KM
- 97500 MI or 156000 KM
- 105000 MI or 168000 KM
- 112500 MI or 180000 KM
- 120000 MI or 192000 KM
- Severe Service
- 3000 MI or 4800 KM
- 6000 MI or 9600 KM
- 9000 MI or 14400 KM
- 12000 MI or 19200 KM
- 15000 MI or 24000 KM
- 18000 MI or 28800 KM
- 21000 MI or 33600 KM
- 24000 MI or 38400 KM
- 27000 MI or 43200 KM
- 30000 MI or 48000 KM
- 33000 MI or 52800 KM
- 36000 MI or 57600 KM
- 39000 MI or 62400 KM
- 42000 MI or 67200 KM
- 45000 MI or 72000 KM
- 48000 MI or 76800 KM
- 51000 MI or 81600 KM
- 54000 MI or 86400 KM
- 57000 MI or 91200 KM
- 60000 MI or 96000 KM
- 63000 MI or 100800 KM
- 66000 MI or 105600 KM
- 69000 MI or 110400 KM
- 72000 MI or 115200 KM
- 75000 MI or 120000 KM
- 78000 MI or 124800 KM
- 81000 MI or 129600 KM
- 84000 MI or 134400 KM
- 87000 MI or 139200 KM
- 90000 MI or 144000 KM
- 93000 MI or 148800 KM
- 96000 MI or 153600 KM
- 99000 MI or 158400 KM
- 102000 MI or 163200 KM
- 105000 MI or 168000 KM
- 108000 MI or 172800 KM
- 111000 MI or 177600 KM
- 114000 MI or 182400 KM
- 117000 MI or 187200 KM
- 120000 MI or 192000 KM
- 150000 MI or 240000 KM
Service and Repair
Technical Service Bulletins
- Engine, Cooling and Exhaust
- Engine
- Compression Check
- Camshaft, Lifters and Push Rods
- Cylinder Block Assembly
- Cylinder Head Assembly
- Drive Belts, Mounts, Brackets and Accessories
- Engine Lubrication
- Intake Manifold
- Lamps and Indicators - Engine
- Relays and Modules - Engine
- Seals and Gaskets
- Sensors and Switches - Engine
- Timing Components
- Tune-up and Engine Performance Checks
- Water Pump
- Service and Repair
Specifications- Technical Service Bulletins
- Cooling System
- Coolant
- Coolant Level Indicator Lamp
- Radiator Cooling Fan
- Engine - Coolant Temperature Sensor/Switch
- Heater Core
- Lamps and Indicators - Cooling System
- Radiator Cap
- Relays and Modules - Cooling System
- Sensors and Switches - Cooling System
- Temperature Gauge
- Thermostat
- Water Pump
Description and Operation
Testing and Inspection
Locations- Service and Repair
Diagrams- Specifications
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Exhaust System
- Engine
- Powertrain Management
- Relays and Modules - Powertrain Management
- Sensors and Switches - Powertrain Management
- Sensors and Switches - Computers and Control Systems
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Barometric Pressure Sensor
- Camshaft Position Sensor
- Coolant Temperature Sensor/Switch (For Computer)
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Cylinder Identification Sensor
- Air Temperature Sensor ( Ambient / Intake )
- Knock Sensor
- Oxygen Sensor
- Power Steering Pressure Switch
- Pressure Feedback Exhaust Sensor
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Transmission Position Sensor/Switch
- Vehicle Speed Sensor
- Sensors and Switches - Emission Control Systems
- Sensors and Switches - Fuel Delivery and Air Induction
- Sensors and Switches - Ignition System
- Sensors and Switches - Computers and Control Systems
- Tune-up and Engine Performance Checks
- Computers and Control Systems
- A/C Signal
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Air Temperature Sensor ( Ambient / Intake )
- Auxiliary Air Valve (Idle Speed)
- Barometric Pressure Sensor
- Body Control Module
- Brake Signal
- Camshaft Position Sensor
- Coolant Temperature Sensor/Switch (For Computer)
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Cylinder Identification Sensor
- Data Link Connector
- Diagnostic Mode Switch/Connector
- EGR Backpressure Transducer
- Engine Control Module
- Idle Speed/Throttle Actuator - Electronic
- Integrated Control Relay Module
- Knock Sensor
- Main Relay (Computer/Fuel System)
- Malfunction Indicator Lamp
- Oxygen Sensor
- Power Steering Pressure Switch
- Pressure Feedback Exhaust Sensor
- Relays and Modules - Computers and Control Systems
- Sensors and Switches - Computers and Control Systems
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Barometric Pressure Sensor
- Camshaft Position Sensor
- Coolant Temperature Sensor/Switch (For Computer)
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Cylinder Identification Sensor
- Air Temperature Sensor ( Ambient / Intake )
- Knock Sensor
- Oxygen Sensor
- Power Steering Pressure Switch
- Pressure Feedback Exhaust Sensor
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Transmission Position Sensor/Switch
- Vehicle Speed Sensor
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Transmission Position Sensor/Switch
- Vehicle Speed Sensor
Service Precautions- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Reading and Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
- Reading Diagnostic Trouble Codes
- Continuous Monitor Diagnostic Test Mode (Wiggle Test)
- Output State Diagnostic Test Mode
- Quick Test Appendix (Detailed Testing Instructions)
- Quick Tests
- Testing Notes
- 1.0-2.0 - Visual Check/Vehicle Preparation
- 3.0 - Key On Engine Off Self Test
- 3.1-4.0 - Check for Codes/Computed Timing Check
- 5.0 - Engine Running Self-Test
- 7.0 - Key On Engine Off (KOEO) 3 Digit Code Chart
- 9.0 - Key On Engine Running (KOER) 3 Digit Code Chart
- 11.0 - Continuous Memory 3 Digit Code Chart
- 12.0 - Diagnosis By Symptom
- Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
- Reading Diagnostic Trouble Codes
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Diagnostic Routines
- Backfire (Intake or Exhaust)
- Check Engine/Check DCL Message On
- Check Engine/Service Engine Soon Light Always/Never On
- Cranks Normally But Hard to Start
- Cranks Normally But Won't Start
- Engine Noise
- Engine Runs Cold
- Engine Runs Hot
- Engine Vibrates At Normal/High Speeds
- Engine Will Not Crank
- Exhaust System Concerns (Visual Smoke)
- Fails Smog Test
- Gasoline Smell
- Hesitates or Stalls On Acceleration
- High Idle (Engine Diesels)
- High Oil Consumption
- Improper Shift
- Lack of Power
- Low Idle (Stalls On Deceleration or Quick Stop)
- Misses Under Load
- Notes On Using Diagnostic Routines
- Poor Fuel Economy
- Rough Idle
- Shift Indicator Light and Audible Chimes On
- Spark Knock/Ping
- Starts Normally But Wont Run (Stalls)
- Surges at Steady Speed
- Symptom Charts
- Intermittent Fault Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Routines
- Pinpoint Tests
- A - No Start Test
- A - Test Schematic
- A - Testing Notes
- A1 - Attempt to Crank Engine
- A2 - Check For VREF At Throttle Position Sensor
- A3 - Check For Spark At Plugs
- A4 - Check For Spark At Coil
- A5 - Check Continuity of Ground Circuit
- A6 - Isolation of Problem to Spout Circuit
- A7 - Check Spout Signal
- A8 - Check Spout & PIP For Shorts
- A9 - Isolate Short(s) In Processor
- A10 - Check PIP Signal
- A11 - Check Continuity of PIP Circuit
- A12 - Spout Signal Verification
- A13 - Attempt to Restart the Vehicle
- A14 - Check Continuity of PIP Circuit
- A15 - Check Continuity of PIP Circuit
- A16 - Check PIP Circuit For Shorts
- A17 - Isolate Shorts In Processor
- A18 - Check PIP Signal
- A20 - Check Fuel Pressure
- A21 - Check Inertia Switch Resistance
- B - Vehicle Battery
- B - Test Schematic
- B - Testing Notes
- B1 - Check Battery Voltage
- B2 - Check Power Ground Circuit Continuity
- B3 - Check for Open Between SIG RTN PWR GND Ckt At Processor
- B4 - Check Signal Return Circuit Continuity
- B5 - Check KAPWR Circuit Voltage At EEC Power Relay
- B6 - Check Ignition Circuit Voltage At EEC Power Relay
- B7 - Check Power Ground Circuit Continuity
- B8 - Check Voltage of VPWR At EEC Power Relay
- C - Reference Voltage
- C - Testing Notes
- C1 - Check Vehicle Battery Power Circuit
- C2 - Check VREF Voltage
- C3 - Check VREF and SIG RTN Circuits For Continuity
- C4 - Check For Excess Voltage On VREF Circuit
- C5 - Check For Shorted Throttle Position Sensor
- C6 - Check For Shorted EVP/PFE/DPFE Sensor
- C7 - Check For Shorted MAP/BP Sensor
- C8 - Check For Shorted 4EAT Module
- C9 - Check VREF Circuit For Short to Ground
- DA - Temperature Sensor Test ACT and ECT
- DA - Sensor Data
- DA - Testing Notes
- DA - Testing Schematic
- DA1 - Code 21/116 or 24/114: Check Temperature Sensor
- DA2 - Check VREF Circuit Voltage At Throttle Position Sensor
- DA3 - Check Resistance of Temperature Sensor W/Engine Off
- DA4 - Check Resistance of Temperature Sensor W/Engine Running
- DA10 - Code 51/118 or 54/113: Induce Opposite Code
- DA11 - Check Continuity of Sensor Signal and SIG RTN Circuits
- DA20 - Code 61/117 or 64/112 Induce Opposite Code
- DA21 - Check VREF Circuit Voltage At Throttle Position Sensor
- DA22 - Check Temperature Sensor Circuit For Short to Ground
- DA90 - Continuous Memory Codes 51/118, 54/113, 61/117, 68/112
- DA91 - Check EEC-IV Vehicle Harness
- DA92 - Check Processor and Vehicle Harness Connectors
- DC - Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor
- DC - Sensor Data
- DC - Testing Notes and Schematic
- DC1 - Check VPWR Circuit Voltage
- DC2 - Check MAF Sensor Ground
- DC10 - 66/157, 72/129 - Check Continuity of MAF and VPWR Ckts
- DC11 - Check MAF For Shorts to Ground and MAF Rtn Circuit
- DC12 - Check Continuity of PWR GND Circuit
- DC13 - Check MAF Rtn Circuit Continuity
- DC14 - Check MAF Circuit For Short to Ground
- DC15 - Check MAF Circuit Output
- DC20 - Rerun Self Test With MAF Sensor Disconnected
- DC21 - Check MAF Circuit For Short to VPWR
- DF - Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP)/Barometric Pressure (BP)
- DG - Knock Sensor
- DH - Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
- DH - Table #1 - TP Sensor Specifications
- DH - Test Pins 26, 47 & 46
- DH - Testing Notes
- DH - TP Sensor Graph
- DH1 - Code 23/121: Check For Other Codes
- DH2 - Check For Stuck Throttle Plate
- DH3 - Code 53/112: Attempt to Generate Code 63/112
- DH4 - Check VREF Voltage
- DH5 - Check For Shorted 4EAT Module
- DH6 - Check TP Circuit For Shorts to Power
- DH10 - Code 63/122: Attempt to Generate Code 53/123 or 23/123
- DH11 - Check VREF Circuit Voltage
- DH12 - Check TP Circuit Continuity
- DH13 - Check For Shorted 4EAT Module
- DH14 - Check TP Circuit For Short to Ground
- DH20 - Perform Dynamic Response Test At Wide Open Throttle
- DH21 - Check TP Sensor Movement During Dynamic Response Test
- DH90 - Monitor TP Circuit Under Simulated Road Shock
- DH91 - Measure TPS Voltage While Exercising Sensor
- DH92 - Check EEC Vehicle Harness
- DH93 - Check Processor and Harness Connectors
- DH94 - Monitor TP Circuit Under Simulated Road Shock
- DH95 - Check EEC Vehicle Harness
- DH96 - Check Processor and Harness Connectors
- DL - PFE/DPFE Sensor; EVR Solenoid Testing
- DL - DPFE Sensor Data
- DL - PFE Sensor Data
- DL - Testing Notes
- DL - Testing Schematic
- DL1 - Code 31/327: Induce Code 35/337
- DL2 - Measure VREF Circuit Voltage
- DL3 - Check PFE/DPFE Circuit Continuity
- DL4 - Check PFE/DPFE Circuit For Shorts to Ground and SIG RTN
- DL5 - Code 35/337: Induce Code 31/327
- DL6 - Measure VREF Circuit Voltage
- DL7 - Check PFE/DPFE Circuit For Short to Power
- DL8 - Service Code 34/335: Verify Engine Running Codes
- DL9 - Check PFE/DPFE Sensor Pressure Input Hose(s)
- DL10 - Measure VREF Circuit Voltage
- DL11 - Service Code 84/558: Measure EVR Solenoid Resistance
- DL12 - Check VPWR Circuit Voltage
- DL13 - Check EVR Circuit Continuity
- DL14 - Check EVR Circuit For Short to Power or Ground
- DL20 - Service Code 32/326: Verify Engine Running Codes
- DL21 - Rerun Self-Test w/EGR Vacuum Line Disconnected
- DL22 - Check PFE/DPFE Sensor Supply Tube
- DL25 - Check PFE/DPFE Input Pressure
- DL26 - Check PFE/DPFE Sensor Output With Engine Idling
- DL27 - Check PFE/DPFE Harness Circuit Continuity
- DL28 - Check PFE/DPFE Harness Circuit For Shorts to Power
- DL30 - Code 33/332: Verify Vacuum Present At EGR Valve
- DL31 - Check Vacuum Input to the EVR Solenoid
- DL32 - Enter Output State Check
- DL33 - Check EVR Solenoid Electrical Operation
- DL34 - Check Continuity of EVR Solenoid Circuits
- DL35 - Check For EVR Signal Circuit Shorts
- DL36 - Check Vacuum At the PFE/DPFE Pressure Inlet Hose(s)
- DL37 - Check EGR Valve Operation
- DL38 - Attempt to Generate KOEO Service Code 35/337
- DL39 - Measure VREF Circuit Voltage
- DL40 - Check PFE/DPFE Harness Circuit Continuity
- DL41 - Check PFE/DPFE Harness For Shorts to Ground & Sig Rtn
- DL90 - Exercise PFE/DPFE Sensor
- DL91 - Check EEC-IV Vehicle Harness
- DL92 - Check Processor and Vehicle Harness Connectors
- DL93 - Inspect PFE Supply Tube For Blockage
- DL94 - Check EGR Valve Operation
- DL95 - Inspect Vacuum Lines Between EVR Solenoid and EGR Valve
- DL96 - Inspect EVR Filter
- DL97 - Attempt to Remove the Drive Symptom
- DL98 - Rerun Self-Test With EGR Valve Vacuum Line Disconnected
- DL99 - Check PFE/DPFE Sensor Pressure Inlet Hose For Blockage
- DL100 - Continuous Memory Code 33/332: Check EGR Valve
- DL101 - EVR Harness Check
- DL102 - Check Pressure Sensor Output Voltage
- DN - EGR Valve Position Sensor/EGR Vacuum Regulator Solenoid
- DN - Testing Notes and Schematic
- DN1 - Code 31/327: Attempt to Generate Code 35/337
- DN2 - Check VREF Circuit Voltage
- DN3 - Check EVP Circuit Continuity
- DN4 - Check EVP Circuit For Short to Ground
- DN5 - Code 35/337: Attempt to Generate Code 31/327
- DN6 - Check VREF Circuit Voltage
- DN7 - Check EVP Circuit For Short to Power
- DN10 - Service Code 84/558: Check Resistance of EVR Solenoid
- DN11 - Check VPWR Circuit Voltage
- DN12 - Check EVR Circuit Continuity
- DN13 - Check EVR Circuit For Short to Power or Ground
- DN20 - Code 34/334: Check For Code 84/558
- DN21 - Check EVP Sensor and EGR Valve Operation
- DN22 - Check EVR Solenoid Operation
- DN23 - Substitute EVP Sensor On Original EGR Valve
- DN25 - Service Code 32/328: Check EVP Sensor and EGR Valve
- DN26 - Substitute EVP Sensor On Original EGR Valve
- DN40 - Service Code 33/332: Verify Vacuum At EGR Valve
- DN41 - Verify Vacuum Supply to EVR Solenoid
- DN42 - Check Vacuum Hose Between EVR Solenoid & EGR Valve
- DN43 - Check EVP Sensor and EGR Valve Operation
- DN44 - Verify EGR Valve Vacuum Control
- DN45 - Substitute Known Good EVP Sensor On Original EGR Valve
- DN50 - Check EGR Operation In KOER With EGR Line Disconnected
- DN51 - Check EVP Resistance While Applying Vacuum to EGR Valve
- DN90 - Check EVP Signal Voltage While Exercising EVP Sensor
- DN91 - Check EVP Sensor While In Continuous Monitor Mode
- DN92 - Measure EVP Signal Voltage While Exercising EVP Sensor
- DN93 - Check EEC-IV Vehicle Harness
- DN94 - Check Processor and Harness Connectors
- DN95 - Continuous Memory Code 33: Leak Test
- DN96 - EVR Solenoid Check
- DN98 - Check EVP Resistance While Applying Vacuum to EGR Valve
- DN99 - EVR Check
- DP - Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
- DR - Cylinder Identification (CID) Sensor
- DR - Test Schematic
- DR - Testing Notes
- DR1 - Check CID Sensor Resistance
- DR2 - Check Continuity of CID Circuits
- DR3 - Check CID Circuits For Shorts
- DR4 - Check For Shorts In Processor
- DR5 - Check CID Sensor Output
- DR6 - Attempt to Regenerate Code 19/214
- DR10 - Check CID Signal At Processor
- DR11 - Check CID Continuity to Processor
- DR12 - Check CID Circuit For Short to Voltage
- DR13 - Check CID Circuit For Short to Ground
- DR14 - Check For Shorts In Processor
- DR20 - Road Test
- FD - Brake On/Off (BOO) Switch
- FD - Testing Notes and Schematic
- FD1 - Verify Brake Was Pressed
- FD2 - Check Operation of Stoplamps
- FD3 - Check For BOO Circuit Cycling
- FD4 - Check For Power to Brake Switch
- FD5 - Verify Brake Switch Is Not Always Closed
- FD6 - Check For Short to Power In Processor
- FD7 - Check Short to Power In Brake/Shift Interlock Solenoid
- FD10 - Check Operation of Brake Lamps
- FD11 - Check BOO Circuit Continuity
- FD90 - Check For Proper Stoplamp Switch Installation
- FD91 - Check Stoplamp Ground
- FD92 - Check Stoplamp/BOO Circuits For Short to Power
- FD93 - Check Stoplamp Circuit Continuity
- FD94 - Check BOO Circuit Continuity
- FD99 - Road Test
- FF - Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch
- FF - Testing Notes and Schematic
- FF1 - Service Code 52/519: Attempt to Eliminate Code 52/519
- FF2 - Check Continuity of PSPS Circuit
- FF3 - Check PSPS Operation
- FF4 - Check PSPS Circuits For Shorts
- FF5 - Engine Running Quick Test
- FF6 - Determine If the Processor Can Identify an Open Circuit
- FF7 - Check PSPS Circuits For Shorts
- FF8 - Check PSPS State With KOEO vs. KOER
- FF9 - Check PSPS State With Engine Running and Load vs. No Load
- FF10 - Check For PSPS Always Closed
- FF11 - Check For PSPS Always Open
- G - In-Range MAF/TPS/Fuel Injector Pulse Width Test
- G - Data Chart
- G - Fuel Pressure Specification Tables
- G - Pinpoint Test Schematic
- G - Test Schematic Wire Colors
- G - Testing Notes
- G1 - Throttle Position Sensor Integrity
- G2 - Check Throttle Body
- G3 - Check MAP/BP Sensor Output
- G4 - Check ACT Sensor
- G5 - Visually Inspect MAF Sensor
- G6 - Check MAF Sensor
- G7 - Visual Vacuum Checks
- G8 - Check Fuel Pressure
- G9 - Check Systems Ability to Hold Fuel Pressure
- G10 - Cylinder Balance Test
- H - Fuel Control
- H - Fuel Injector Resistance Specification Table
- H - Fuel Pressure Specification Table
- H - Test Schematic
- H - Testing Notes
- H1 - Check For Contaminated Engine Oil
- H2 - Check Fuel Pressure
- H3 - Check Systems Ability to Hold Fuel Pressure
- H4 - Fuel Delivery Test
- H5 - Cylinder Balance Test: EFI Engines
- H6 - Cylinder Balance Test: SEFI Engines Only
- H7 - Check Resistance of Injector(s) and Harness EFI Engines
- H8 - Check Resistance of Injector(s) and Harness SEFI Engines
- H9 - Check Continuity of Fuel Injector Harness
- H10 - Check Injector Harness Circuit For Short to Power/Ground
- H11 - Isolate Faulty Injector Circuit
- H12 - Check Injector Driver Signal
- H13 - Check Thermactor Operation
- H14 - Check HEGO Integrity
- H15 - Check HEGO Sensor On Engines With MAP Sensor
- H16 - Check HEGO Sensor On Engines With MAF Sensor
- H17 - Check Continuity of HEGO Signal Circuit and HEGO Ground
- H18 - Check HEGO Circuit For Short to Ground
- H19 - Check HEGO Sensor For Short to Ground
- H20 - Try to Eliminate Code 41/171, 91/136 or 176. W/ MAP
- H21 - Check Resistance of Heated Element On HEGO
- H22 - Check For Power At HEGO Harness Connector
- H23 - Check Continuity of Power Ground Circuit
- H24 - Check HEGO Signal For Short to Power
- H25 - Check For Short to Power
- H26 - Check HEGO Sensor For Short to Ignition Run Circuit
- H27 - Attempt to Generate Code 41/172, 91/136, 176
- H28 - Check MAP Sensor For Vacuum Leak
- H29 - Check For Loss of Vacuum to MAP Sensor
- H30 - HEGO Sensor Check
- H90 - Check Continuous Monitor Mode
- H91 - Continuous Monitor Test Drive Check
- H92 - Check HEGO Switching
- HA - Adaptive Fuel
- HA - Testing Notes and Tables
- HA1 - Is the Vehicle A SEFI or EFI
- HA2 - Run Cylinder Balance Test
- HA3 - Check For Vacuum/Air Induction Leak
- HA4 - Check For Low Fuel Pressure
- HA5 - Check Systems Ability to Hold Fuel Pressure
- HA6 - Check MAP/BP Frequency
- HA7 - Check For Proper Battery Voltage to Fuel Injectors
- HA8 - Verify That Canister Purge Solenoid Is Not Stuck Closed
- HA9 - Check Thermactor System For Upstream Air Leak
- HA15 - Continuous Codes 179, 182, 188, 191: Is Vehicle SEFI/EFI
- HA16 - Run Cylinder Balance Test
- HA17 - Check For Excessive Fuel Pressure
- HA18 - Check Systems Ability to Hold Fuel Pressure
- HA19 - Check MAP/BP Frequency
- HA20 - Check Throttle Body and Air Induction System
- HA21 - Verify That Canister Purge Solenoid Will Hold Vacuum
- HA25 - Check PCV Valve
- HA26 - Check HEGO Heater Circuit
- HA27 - Inspect HEGO Sensor For Contamination
- HA28 - Verify Excessive Vacuum Is Not At EGR Valve During Idle
- HA29 - Verify EGR Valve Is Fully Seated
- HA30 - Check Cooling System
- HA35 - Check Ignition System
- HA36 - Flow Check Injectors
- HA37 - Check Cylinder Compression
- HA40 - Road Test
- J - Fuel Pump Circuit
- J - Testing Notes
- J1 - No Fuel Pump Pressure: Check Fuel Pump Electrical Op.
- J2 - Check For VPWR to Processor
- J3 - Check For Voltage to Power-to-Pump Circuit
- J4 - Check For Battery(+) to Fuel Pump Relay
- J5 - Check For Voltage At Power-to-Pump Circuit
- J7 - Service Code 87/556: Check For VPWR to Fuel Pump Relay
- J8 - Check Fuel Pump Relay
- J9 - Check Fuel Pump Circuit For Short to Power
- J10 - Check Fuel Pump Circuit For Short to Ground
- J11 - Check Fuel Pump Circuit Continuity
- J20 - Service Code 95/542: Does Engine Start
- J21 - Verify That Fuel Pump Is Off
- J22 - Check For Fuel Pump Relay Always Closed
- J23 - Check Continuity of FPM Circuit
- J25 - Check Inertia Switch
- J30 - Does Engine Start
- J31 - Check For Battery(+) to Fuel Pump Relay
- J32 - Check Continuity of Power-to-Pump Circuit
- J33 - Check Power to Pump Circuit Continuity
- J35 - Check Left/Front HEGO Sensor For Short to Power
- J36 - Check HEGO Circuit For Short to Power
- J90 - Check EEC-IV Harness
- J91 - Check FPM Circuit
- J92 - Check For Shorts to Power
- J93 - Check For Continuous Memory Code 87/556
- J94 - Check EEC-IV Harness
- J95 - Check EEC-IV Harness
- J96 - Check Left/Front HEGO Circuit For Short to Power
- J99 - Road Test
- KC - Air Management System - AM1/AM2
- KC - Testing Notes
- KC1 - Service Code 44/311, 45/312, 46/313 and 94/314
- KC2 - Attempt to Eliminate Service Code 45/312
- KC3 - Attempt to Eliminate Service Code 46/313
- KC4 - Enter Output State Check
- KC5 - Check Solenoids Electrical Operation
- KC6 - Check Solenoids For Vacuum Cycling
- KC7 - Check Solenoids For Internal Vacuum Leaks
- KC8 - Check Voltage of VPWR Circuit
- KC9 - Measure Solenoid Resistance
- KC10 - Check Circuit Continuity
- KC11 - Check For Short to Ground
- KC12 - Check For Short to Power
- KD - Canister Purge (CANP) Solenoid
- KD - Testing Notes
- KD - Testing Schematic
- KD1 - Enter Output State Diagnostic Test Mode
- KD2 - Check Canister Purge Solenoid Electrical Operation
- KD3 - Check Canister Purge Solenoid For Vacuum Leaks
- KD4 - Check Canister Purge Solenoid For Mechanical Operation
- KD5 - Check For Vacuum to Canister Purge Solenoid
- KD6 - Measure CANP Solenoid Resistance
- KD7 - Check VPWR Circuit Voltage
- KD8 - Check Continuity of CANP Circuit
- KD9 - Check CANP Circuit For Short to Ground
- KD10 - Check CANP Circuit For Short to Power
- KE - Idle Speed Control
- KE - Test Notes
- KE - Test Schematic
- KE1 - Service Code 12/412, 16: Check For RPM Drop
- KE2 - Check For EGR Codes
- KE3 - Check For Other EEC Codes
- KE4 - Measure ISC Solenoid Resistance
- KE5 - Check For Internal Short to ISC Solenoid Case
- KE6 - Check VPWR Circuit Voltage
- KE7 - Check ISC Circuit Continuity
- KE8 - Check ISC Circuit For Short to Ground
- KE9 - Check ISC Circuit For Short to Power
- KE10 - Check For ISC Signal From the Processor
- KE11 - Check Base Idle
- KE12 - Check For Problems Affecting Proper Engine Speed
- KE15 - Code 13/411
- KE16 - Check For Conditions Affecting Idle
- KE17 - Check For Internal Short to ISC Solenoid Case
- KE18 - Check ISC Circuit For Short to Ground
- KE19 - Check Processor Output
- KF - Electro Drive Fan (EDF)/High Electro Drive Fan (HEDF)
- KF - Testing Notes
- KF - Testing Schematic
- KF1 - Check For Ignition Start/Run Voltage At HEDF/EDF Relay
- KF2 - Enter Output State Check
- KF3 - Check For EDF/HEDF Circuit Cycling
- KF4 - Check Continuity of EDF/HEDF Circuit
- KF5 - Check EDF/HEDF Circuit For Short to Power
- KF6 - Check EDF/HEDF Circuit For Short to Ground
- KF10 - Cooling Fan Non-Op: Check For Voltage to EDF Relay
- KF11 - Check For Voltage to HEDF Relay
- KF12 - Check Continuity Between EDF and HEDF Relays
- KF13 - Check Circuits From EDF Relay to Fan
- KF14 - Check EDF Power-to-Fan Circuit Continuity
- KF15 - Check Cooling Fan Ground Circuit
- KF16 - Check Circuits From HEDF Relay to Fan
- KF17 - Check HEDF Power-to-Fan Voltage At Fan
- KF18 - Check HEDF Power-to-Fan Circuit Continuity
- KF25 - Cooling Fan Always On: Verify Ignition Relay Is Opening
- KF26 - Check For EDF Relay Always Closed
- KF27 - Check HEDF Relay
- KF28 - Check EDF Power-to-Fan Circuit For Short to Power
- KL - Shift Indicator Light (SIL)
- KL - Testing Notes
- KL1 - Check SIL Operation
- KL2 - Check SIL Circuit Fuse
- KL3 - Check SIL Bulb
- KL4 - Check SIL Dimmer Relay Continuity
- KL5 - Check SIL Dimmer Relay Function
- KL6 - Check Voltage At SIL Dimmer Relay
- KL7 - Check Voltage At Top Gear Switch
- KL8 - Check Operation of Top Gear Switch
- KL9 - Check Continuity of SIL Circuit
- KL10 - Check SIL Circuit For Short to Ground
- KL15 - Check For Voltage to SIL Socket
- KL16 - Check Operation of Top Gear Switch
- KL17 - Check Continuity of SIL Circuit
- KL18 - Operation of the SIL
- KL19 - Check SIL Circuit Fuse
- KL20 - Check SIL Bulb
- KL21 - Check For Voltage to SIL Socket
- KL22 - Check Continuity of SIL Circuit
- KL23 - Check SIL Circuit For Short to Ground
- KM - WOT A/C Cut-Off (WAC) A/C Demand
- KM - Testing Notes
- KM1 - No A/C: Check For Voltage to A/C Clutch
- KM2 - Check Power-to-Clutch Circuit Continuity
- KM3 - Check For Power On A/C Demand Circuit
- KM4 - Check Continuity Between WAC Relay and A/C Relay
- KM5 - Check WAC Circuit For Short to Ground
- KM6 - Check For Voltage At ACC/S Input to Processor
- KM7 - Check For Ground to A/C Fan Controller
- KM8 - Check For Voltage to A/C Fan Controller
- KM9 - Check WAC Relay, A/C Fan Controller
- KM15 - No A/C Cutout At WOT: Enter Output State Check
- KM16 - Check For VPWR to Relay
- KM17 - Check For WAC Cycling
- KM18 - Check Resistance of WAC Relay Coil
- KM19 - Check WAC Circuit Continuity
- KM20 - Check WAC Circuit For Short to Power
- KM21 - Check For WAC Cycling
- KM22 - Check WAC Circuit Continuity
- KM23 - Check WAC Circuit For Short to Power
- KM30 - Cycle A/C Demand Switch
- KM31 - Check ACD Circuit Continuity
- KM35 - Check ACD Circuit For Short to Power
- KM40 - Check A/C Input
- KM41 - Check For Short to Power In Processor
- KM43 - Check A/C Input Circuitry
- KM44 - Check A/C Input Circuit
- KP - Octane Adjust
- KP - Testing Notes and Schematic
- KP1 - Inspect Octane Adjust Inline Connector Code 57/341
- KP2 - Check For Modification Decal
- KP3 - Check For Service Code 57/341
- KP4 - Check Continuity of Octane Adjust Circuit
- KP5 - Check For Service Code 11
- KP6 - Verify In-Line Connector Shorting Bar Is Installed
- KP7 - Check For Modification Decal
- KP8 - Check For TSB
- KP9 - Remove Shorting Bar
- KP10 - Check Octane Adjust Circuit For A Short to Ground
- KP11 - Check Processor Integrity
- M - Dynamic Response Test
- ML - Self-Test Output/Malfunction Indicator Lamp
- ML - Testing Notes
- ML - Testing Schematic
- ML1 - "Check Engine" Light Always On: Check STO For Short
- ML4 - "Check Engine" Light Never On: Check For VBAT At Fuse
- ML5 - Check For VBAT Voltage Side of Check Engine Light Fuse
- ML6 - Check Continuity of VBAT Circuit
- ML7 - Check "Check Engine Light Bulb Response to Grounding
- ML8 - Check "Check Engine" Light Circuit Continuity
- ML10 - "Check Engine" Intermittently On: Check For STO Short
- ML15 - "Check Engine" Light Flashing With Erratic Idle
- ML20 - "Check Engine" Message Displayed
- ML25 - Continuous Code 529, "Check Engine"/"Check DCL"
- NA - TFI Ignition Diagnostic Monitor
- NA - Testing Notes
- NA - Testing Schematic
- NA1 - Continuous Codes 14/211: Erratic Ignition
- NA2 - Continuous Codes 18/212: Check IDM Circuit Continuity
- NA3 - Continuous Codes 18/212: Check IDM Circuit Continuity
- NA4 - Check IDM Circuit Continuity: TFI Module to Ignition Coil
- NA5 - Check IDM Circuit For Short to Ground
- NA6 - Check Processor For Short to Ground
- NA7 - Check Ignition Module
- NA8 - Check EEC-IV Harness
- NA9 - Check Processor and Harness Connectors
- PA - Spark Timing Check - TFI
- QA - No Codes/Codes Not Listed
- QA - Testing Notes and Schematic
- QA1 - Check VREF Voltage At Self-Test Connector
- QA2 - Check STI Continuity
- QA3 - Check STO Circuit Continuity
- QA4 - Check HEGO Signal For Short to Power
- QA5 - Isolate Short to Harness or HEGO Sensor
- QA6 - Check STO Circuit For Short to Ground
- QA7 - Check If Power Relay Is Always On
- QA8 - Check VPWR Circuit For Short to Power
- QA9 - Check "Check Engine" Light Function
- QB - Key On Engine Off/Cont. Memory Code 15/511 or 15/512 Test
- QC - Output State Check Not Functioning
- S - System Check
- T - Transmission - AXOD
- T - Sensor Data Graph
- T - Test Schematic
- T - Testing Notes
- T10 - Circuit Identification
- T11 - Enter Output State Check
- T12 - Check Solenoid Electrical Operation
- T13 - Check Solenoid Resistance
- T14 - Check Continuity of Solenoid Signal and VPWR Harness
- T15 - Check Solenoid Harness Circuits For Shorts
- T16 - Check Solenoid VPWR Supplied By the Processor
- T17 - Check Solenoid Driver Signal
- T20 - Check Continuity of EPC Solenoid Signal and VPWR Circuits
- T21 - Check EPC Signal Harness Circuit For Short
- T22 - Check Solenoid Resistance
- T23 - Check VPWR of the EPC Solenoid Supplied By the Processor
- T24 - Check Output Driver Signal
- T30 - Increase Transmission Oil Temperature
- T31 - Check For VREF At Throttle Position Sensor
- T32 - Check TOT Sensor Resistance Change As the TOT Is Varied
- T40 - KOEO Code 637: Induce Opposite Code
- T41 - Check Continuity of TOT Signal and Return Harness
- T50 - KOEO Code 638: Induce Opposite Code
- T51 - Check VREF At the Throttle Position Sensor
- T52 - Check TOT Signal For Short to Ground
- T60 - Complete TSS Drive Cycle: Verify Code
- T61 - Check Continuity of Turbine Sped Sensor Harness Circuits
- T62 - Check Turbine Speed Sensor Harness Circuits For Shorts
- T63 - Check Turbine Speed Sensor Resistance
- T70 - Check Turbine Speed Sensor Harness Circuit Continuity
- T71 - Check Turbine Speed Sensor Harness Circuit For Shorts
- T72 - Check Turbine Speed Sensor Resistance
- T80 - Check Resistance of the Manual Lever Position Sensor
- T81 - Check Resistance of the MLPS Harness Circuits
- T82 - Check the MLPS Circuit For Shorts to Power or Ground
- T83 - Check Processor Output Voltage
- T90 - Prepare For AXODE Drive Cycle and Check For Error Codes
- T91 - Attempt to Verify MLPS, TOT, or Solenoid Codes Received
- T93 - Enter Key On Engine Off Continuous Monitor Mode
- T94 - Check EEC-IV Vehicle Harness
- T95 - Check Processor and Harness Connectors
- T96 - Cont. Memory Codes 645, 646, 647, 648 Fault Isolation
- T97 - Enter Key On Engine Off Continuous Monitor Mode
- TA - Neutral Drive Input
- X - Integrated Relay Control Module
- X - Testing Notes
- X - Testing Schematic
- X1 - Check Battery Voltage
- X2 - Check Battery Ground
- X3 - Ground Fault Isolation
- X4 - Processor Ground Fault Isolation
- X5 - Check Continuity of Signal Return Circuit
- X6 - Measure Voltage and Ground to IRCM
- X7 - Check Key Power to IRCM
- X8 - Check VPWR Circuit Continuity
- X9 - Measure Continuity of Power Ground to IRCM
- X11 - Check Power-to-Pump(s) Circuit Voltage
- X12 - Check Power-to-Pumps Circuit Continuity
- X13 - Check Power to IRCM
- X14 - Check Power-to-Pump(s) Circuit For Shorts to Power
- X15 - Check Continuity of Fuel Pump Circuit
- X16 - Check Appropriate Fuel Pump Circuit For Shorts
- X17 - Check Resistance of Fuel Pump Relay Coil
- X18 - No Engine Cooling Fan: Check Power Supply to IRCM
- X19 - Check Fan Motor Operation
- X20 - Check Fan Motor Operation
- X21 - Measure Battery Voltage Supply At Fan - Bypassing IRCM
- X22 - Verify Cooling Fan Ground
- X23 - Measure Battery Voltage Supply At Fan - Bypassing IRCM
- X25 - Check Fan Running Mode (Low)
- X26 - Jumper High Electric-Drive Signal (HEDF) to Ground
- X27 - Check ECT Sensor
- X30 - Check HEDF Relay Resistance
- X31 - Check HEDF Circuit Continuity
- X32 - Check For Shorts to Ground In the HEDF Circuit
- X33 - Check For Shorts to Power In the HEDF Circuit
- X35 - Low Speed Fan Always On: Check EDF Circuit Continuity
- X36 - Check EDF Circuit For Short to Power
- X37 - EDF Circuit Fault Isolation
- X40 - High Speed Cooling Fan (HEDF) Always On: Check For Shorts
- X41 - Check Processor For Short to Ground
- X42 - Check HEDF Circuit For Short to Ground
- X50 - Check For Voltage At A/C Clutch
- X51 - Check For Continuity From IRCM to A/C Clutch
- X52 - Check For Voltage to Processor
- X53 - Check Continuity of ACCS Circuit to IRCM
- X54 - Check Voltage to Cyclic Pressure Switch
- X55 - Check WAC Circuit For Shorts to Ground
- X56 - Check Continuity In WAC to IRCM Circuit
- X57 - Check WAC Circuit For Shorts to Power
- X58 - Check For Voltage At A/C Clutch
- X80 - Check EDF Signal For Short to Ground
- X81 - Check Fan Running Mode
- X82 - Fan Always On With Code 88: Check EDF Circuit Continuity
- X83 - Check EDF Circuit For Shorts to Power
- X84 - Check EDF Circuit For Shorts to Ground
- X90 - Check Inertia Switch
- X91 - Verify That Fuel Pump Is Off
- X92 - Check For Fuel Pump Relay Always Closed
- X93 - Check Continuity of FPM Circuit
- X94 - Check For Continuity Between FPM Circuit and Ground
- X95 - Check Front Left HEGO For Short to Power
- X96 - Check HEGO Circuit For Short to Power
- X100 - Check Power-to Pump(s) Circuit Continuity
- X101 - Check Fuel Pump Operation
- X102 - Measure Low Fuel Pump Relay Power Circuit Continuity
- X103 - Check Power to IRCM
- X105 - Check EEC-IV Harness
- X106 - Check FPM Circuit
- X110 - Check For Continuous Memory Code 83/557 or 87/556
- X111 - Check EEC-IV Harness
- X112 - Check EEC-IV Harness
- A - No Start Test
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
- Scan Tool Testing and Procedures
- Normal Scan Data Values (Includes PIDs)
- Sensor Graphs and Charts
- Air Charge Temperature (ACT) Sensor
- Barometric and Manifold Absolute Pressure (BP/MAP) Sensors
- EGR Valve Position (EVP) Sensor
- Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
- Fuel Pressure
- Manual Lever Position Sensor (MLPS)
- Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor
- Pressure Feedback EGR (PFE) Sensor
- Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
- Transmission Oil Temperature Sensor
- Locations
- Service and Repair
- Diagrams
- Specifications
- Technical Service Bulletins
Tools and Equipment
- Emission Control Systems
- Air Injection
- Catalytic Converter
- Early Fuel Evaporation ( EFE )
- Evaporative Emissions System
- Exhaust Gas Recirculation
- Positive Crankcase Ventilation
- Sensors and Switches - Emission Control Systems
- Thermostatic Air Cleaner
- Service Precautions
- Application and ID
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Flow of Diagnosis
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Scan Tool Testing and Procedures
Adjustments- Locations
- Service and Repair
- Diagrams
- Specifications
- Tools and Equipment
- Fuel Delivery and Air Induction
- Fuel Pressure
- Fuel Pressure Release
- Idle Speed
- Air Cleaner Housing
- Air Flow Meter/Sensor
- Auxiliary Air Valve (Idle Speed)
- Fuel
- Fuel Filler Cap
- Fuel Filter
- Fuel Injector
- Fuel Line Coupler
- Fuel Pressure Check Valve
- Fuel Pressure Regulator
- Fuel Pump
- Fuel Rail
- Fuel Return Line
- Fuel Supply Line
- Fuel Tank
- Idle Speed/Throttle Actuator - Electronic
- Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch
- Intake Air Duct
- Intake Air Heater
- Integrated Control Relay Module
- Main Relay (Computer/Fuel System)
- Relays and Modules - Fuel Delivery and Air Induction
- Sensors and Switches - Fuel Delivery and Air Induction
- Throttle Body
- Throttle Cable/Linkage
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Service Precautions
- Application and ID
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Service and Repair
- Diagrams
- Specifications
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Ignition System
- Firing Order
- Ignition Timing
- Camshaft Position Sensor
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Distributor
- Hall Effect Sensor
- Ignition Cable
- Ignition Coil
- Ignition Control Module
- Ignition Timing Connector
- Knock Sensor
- Relays and Modules - Ignition System
- Sensors and Switches - Ignition System
- Spark Plug
- Service Precautions
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Locations
- Service and Repair
- Diagrams
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Tools and Equipment
- Transmission Control Systems
- Application and ID
- Diagrams
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Transmission and Drivetrain
- Actuators and Solenoids - Transmission and Drivetrain
- Automatic Transmission/Transaxle
- Actuators and Solenoids - A/T
- Accumulator
- Band
- Band Apply Servo
- Case
- Clutch
- Control Module
- Data Link Connector, A/T
- Differential
- Drive Chain
- Fluid - A/T
- Fluid Filter - A/T
- Fluid Line/Hose
- Fluid Pan
- Fluid Pump
- Fluid Transfer Tube
- Governor
- Overdrive Assembly
- Park Gear
- Planetary Gears
- Pressure Regulating Solenoid
- Relays and Modules - A/T
- Seals and Gaskets
- Sensors and Switches - A/T
- Shift Interlock
- Shift Solenoid
- Shifter A/T
- Shift Linkage
- Sun Gear
- Throttle Valve Cable/Linkage
- Torque Converter
- Torque Converter Clutch Solenoid
- Transmission Cooler
- Transmission Mount
- Transmission Position Sensor/Switch
- Transmission Speed Sensor
- Transmission Temperature Sensor/Switch
- Turbine Shaft
- Valve Body
- Application and ID
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Converter Clutch Does Not Release
- Harsh Neutral to Reverse or Harsh Neutral to Drive
- High or Low Oil Pressure
- No Converter Clutch Apply
- No Drive - Reverse OK
- No Drive In Drive Range and No Reverse In Reverse Range
- No Park Range
- No Reverse - Drive OK
- No 1-2 Shift (First Gear Only)
- No 2-3 Shift (1-2 Shift OK)
- No 3-4 Shift
- Oil Leak
- Oil Venting or Foaming
- Transaxle Fluid Leaks
- Transaxle Overheats
- 1-2 Shift Feels Harsh or Soft
- 1-2 Shift Speed High or Low
- 2-1 or 3-1 Downshift Harsh
- 2-3 Shift Feels Harsh or Soft
- 2-3 Shift Speed High or Low
- 3-2 Downshift Harsh
- 3-4 Shift Feels Harsh or Soft
- 3-4 Shift Speed High or Low
- 4-3 Downshift Harsh
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Service and Repair
- Specifications
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Clutch
- Differential Assembly
- Drive Axles, Bearings and Joints
- Drive/Propeller Shafts, Bearings and Joints
- Flex Plate
- Manual Transmission/Transaxle
- Relays and Modules - Transmission and Drivetrain
- Sensors and Switches - Transmission and Drivetrain
- Transmission Control Systems
- Testing and Inspection
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Tools and Equipment
- Brakes and Traction Control
- Antilock Brakes / Traction Control Systems
- Brake Bleeding
- Brake Warning Indicator
- Disc Brake System
- Drum Brake System
- Hydraulic System
- Parking Brake System
- Power Brake Assist
- Relays and Modules - Brakes and Traction Control
- Sensors and Switches - Brakes and Traction Control
- Service Precautions
- Testing and Inspection
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Starting and Charging
- Sensors and Switches - Starting and Charging
- Relays and Modules - Starting and Charging
- Battery
- Charging System
- Starting System
- Clutch Switch
- Ignition Lock
- Ignition Switch
- Neutral Safety Switch
- Starter Motor
- Starter Relay
- Starter Solenoid
- Testing and Inspection
- Diagrams
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Power and Ground Distribution
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Power and Ground Distribution
- Steering and Suspension
- Alignment
- Relays and Modules - Steering and Suspension
- Sensors and Switches - Steering and Suspension
- Steering
- Front Steering Knuckle
- Power Steering
- Relays and Modules - Steering
- Sensors and Switches - Steering
- Steering Column
- Steering Gear
- Steering Shaft
- Steering Wheel
- Tie Rod
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Diagnosis By Symptom
- Electrical Component Diagnosis
- External Linkage
- High Efforts at Low Vehicle Speeds
- High Steering Gear Efforts at All Vehicle Speeds
- Loose On Center
- Low Efforts at All Vehicle Speeds
- Low Steering Gear Efforts Above 30 MPH
- Noise/Rattle Chuckle/Clicks/Pops/Squeaks/Creaks/Clunk/Squawk
- Poor Returnability
- Smoothness/Sticky Feeling
- Steering Wheel Not Centered Properly
- Uneven Drive Efforts
- Wandering/Darting/Pointing
- System Pressure Test
- External Leaks
- Pump
- Testing Notes
- Torsion Bar Gear
- Diagnosis By Symptom
- Service and Repair
- Diagrams
- Specifications
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Suspension
- Wheels and Tires
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Heating and Air Conditioning
- Accumulator HVAC
- Air Door
- Ambient Temperature Sensor / Switch HVAC
- Blower Motor
- Blower Motor Resistor
- Blower Motor Switch
- Blower Override Switch
- Cabin Temperature Sensor / Switch
- Compressor HVAC
- Compressor Clutch Relay
- Condenser HVAC
- Control Assembly
- Control Module HVAC
- Coupler HVAC
- Evaporator Case
- Evaporator Core
- Expansion Block/Orifice Tube
- Heater Core
- High Pressure Safety Valve HVAC
- Hose/Line HVAC
- Housing Assembly HVAC
- Refrigerant
- Refrigerant Filter
- Refrigerant Oil
- Refrigerant Pressure Sensor / Switch
- Relays and Modules - HVAC
- Sensors and Switches - HVAC
- Solar Sensor
- Vacuum Controller
- Vacuum Reservoir HVAC
- Service Precautions
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Service and Repair
- Retrofitting
- A/C System Flushing
- Evacuation
- Evacuation and Charging
- Leak Detection
- Oil Charge
- Oil Level Check
- Refrigerant Recovery
- System Check
- System Pressure Readings
- Diagrams
- Specifications
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Restraints and Safety Systems
- Air Bag Systems
- Air Bag(s) Arming and Disarming
- Air Bag
- Air Bag Control Module
- Air Bag Deployment Door
- Clockspring Assembly / Spiral Cable
- Impact Sensor
- Standby Power Supply
- Malfunction Lamp / Indicator
- Service Precautions
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Reading and Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests and Associated Procedures
- Manufacturer Code Charts
- 2 Flashes - All Forward Crash Sensor Disconn
- 3 Flashes - Loss of Deployment Pwr/Backup Pwr Supply
- 4 Flashes -Potential Short In Air Bag Deployment Ckt
- 5 Flashes - Short Forward Crash Sensor Deployment Ckt
- 6 Flashes - Driver Air Bag Circuit Inoperative
- 7 Flashes - Probable Fault - Monitor Wiring Ckt Inop
- 8 Flashes - Fwd Crash Sen Improperly Attached/Grounded
- 9 Flashes - Open Forward Crash Sensor Deployment Ckt
- 10 Flashes - Disarm Device Blown/Deploy. Ckt Short
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Priority Index
- Non-Trouble Code Procedures
- Manufacturer Code Charts
- Pinpoint Tests
- Service and Repair
- Diagrams
- Specifications
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Tools and Equipment
- Relays and Modules - Restraints and Safety Systems
- Seat Belt Systems
- Air Bag(s) Arming and Disarming
- Child Restraint
- Seat Belt
- Seat Belt Buckle
- Seat Belt Latch
- Seat Belt Reminder Lamp
- Service Precautions
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Adjustments
- Locations
- Service and Repair
- Specifications
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Tools and Equipment
- Sensors and Switches - Restraints and Safety Systems
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Air Bag Systems
- Accessories and Optional Equipment
- Antenna
- Antitheft and Alarm Systems
- Driver/Vehicle Information Display
- Radio, Stereo, and Compact Disc
- Amplifier
- Radio/Stereo
- Radio/Stereo Noise Filter
- Testing and Inspection
- A: All Electronic Radio Control Functional Test
- B: Pac Radio Control Functional Test
- C: Noisy AM Reception - Engine Running, Veh. In/Not In Motion
- D: Noisy FM Reception - Engine Running, Vehicle Not In Motion
- E: Radio Is Inoperative Or Intermittent
- F: Radio Has Weak Reception
- G: EPC Sound System - No Radio Sound From Any Speakers
- H: ESR Sound System - No Sound From Any Speakers
- I: EPC and ESR - No Sound From 1 or More Speakers
- J: EPC and ESR - Distorted Sound From One Or More Speakers
- K: CD Player Is Inoperative Or Intermittent
- Service and Repair
- Diagrams
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Speaker
- Service and Repair
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Relays and Modules - Accessories and Optional Equipment
- Sensors and Switches - Accessories and Optional Equipment
- Locations
- Diagrams
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Body and Frame
- Air Bag(s) Arming and Disarming
- Body Control Systems
- Bumper
- Doors, Hood and Trunk
- Frame
- Interior Moulding / Trim
- Locks
- Mirrors
- Paint, Striping and Decals
- Relays and Modules - Body and Frame
- Roof and Associated Components
- Seats
- Sensors and Switches - Body and Frame
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Cruise Control
- Cruise Control Brush Assembly
- Cruise Control Module
- Cruise Control Servo
- Cruise Control Servo Cable
- Cruise Control Switch
- Cruise Control Vacuum Vent Solenoid
- Relays and Modules - Cruise Control
- Sensors and Switches - Cruise Control
- Vacuum Vent Valve
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Diagrams
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Tools and Equipment
- Instrument Panel, Gauges and Warning Indicators
- Air Conditioning Indicator Lamp
- Audible Warning Device
- Brake Warning Indicator
- Charge Lamp/Indicator
- Cigarette Lighter
- Clock
- Coolant Level Indicator Lamp
- Dashboard / Instrument Panel
- Door/Trunk Ajar Indicator/Lamp
- Driver/Vehicle Information Display
- Fuel Distance/Mileage Module
- Fuel Gauge
- Fuel Gauge Sender
- Instrument Cluster / Carrier
- Air Bag(s) Arming and Disarming
- Instrument Panel Bulb
- Instrument Panel Circuit Board
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview
- Symptom Related Diagnostic Procedures
- Component Tests and General Diagnostics
- Service and Repair
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Key Reminder Switch
- Lamp Out Indicator
- Low Fuel Lamp/Indicator
- Malfunction Indicator Lamp
- Odometer
- Oil Level Warning Indicator
- Oil Level Warning Indicator Relay
- Oil Pressure Gauge
- Oil Pressure Sender
- Oil Pressure Warning Lamp/Indicator
- Parking Brake Warning Switch
- Relays and Modules - Instrument Panel
- Seat Belt Reminder Lamp
- Sensors and Switches - Instrument Panel
- Speedometer Cable
- Speedometer Head
- Speedometer Module
- Tachometer
- Temperature Gauge
- Temperature Sensor (Gauge)
- Volt Meter Gauge
- Description and Operation
- Testing and Inspection
- Diagrams
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Lighting and Horns
- Ambient Light Sensor
- Backup Lamp
- Brake Lamp
- Brake Light Switch
- Cornering Lamp
- Courtesy Lamp
- Daytime Running Lamp
- Exterior Lighting Module
- Fog/Driving Lamp
- Hazard Warning Lamps
- Headlamp
- Horn
- Lamp Control Module
- Lamp Out Indicator
- Relays and Modules - Lighting and Horns
- Sensors and Switches - Lighting and Horns
- Turn Signals
- Underhood Lamp
- Locations
- Diagrams
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Windows and Glass
- Wiper and Washer Systems
- Relays and Modules - Wiper and Washer Systems
- Sensors and Switches - Wiper and Washer Systems
- Washer Fluid Level Switch
- Windshield Washer Motor
- Windshield Washer Pump
- Windshield Washer Relay
- Windshield Washer Switch
- Wiper Control Module
- Wiper Gear Box
- Wiper Motor
- Wiper Motor Linkage
- Wiper Motor Timer
- Wiper Relay
- Wiper Switch
- Testing and Inspection
- Locations
- Diagrams
- Technical Service Bulletins
- Application and ID
- Locations
- Diagrams
- Diagram Information and Instructions
- Exploded Views
- Connector Views
- Alternator
- Compressor Clutch Relay
- Diagnostic Mode Switch/Connector
- Engine Control Module
- Fuel Pump
- Ignition Control Module
- Ignition Lock
- Integrated Control Relay Module
- Main Relay (Computer/Fuel System)
- Radiator Cooling Fan Control Module
- Radiator Cooling Fan Motor Relay
- Transmission Control Systems
- Transmission Position Sensor/Switch, A/T
- Windshield Washer Switch
- Wiper Control Module
- Wiper Switch
- Electrical Diagrams
- Power and Ground Distribution
- Accessories and Optional Equipment
- Air Bag Systems
- Charging System
- Cooling System
- Cruise Control
- Heated Glass Element
- Heating and Air Conditioning
- Instrument Panel, Gauges and Warning Indicators
- Lighting and Horns
- Mirrors
- Power Locks
- Power Trunk / Liftgate Lock Switch
- Power Window Circuit Breaker
- Power Window Motor
- Power Window Relay
- Power Window Switch
- Powertrain Management
- Seats
- Starting System
- Steering
- Sunroof / Moonroof
- Trunk / Liftgate Motor
- Trunk / Liftgate Relay
- Trunk / Liftgate Solenoid
- Trunk / Liftgate Switch
- Wiper and Washer Systems
- Mechanical Diagrams
- Fluid Diagrams
- Vacuum and Vapor Hose Diagrams
- Connectors
- Grounds
- Splices
- Specifications
- Electrical Specifications
- Mechanical Specifications
- Air Bag Systems
- Alignment
- Antenna
- Automatic Transmission/Transaxle
- Axle Shaft
- Backing Plate
- Brake Caliper
- Brake Drum
- Brake Hose/Line
- Brake Master Cylinder
- Brake Rotor/Disc
- Compressor Clutch
- Compressor Clutch Relay
- Computers and Control Systems
- Dashboard / Instrument Panel
- Distributor, Ignition
- Emission Control Systems
- Engine
- Exhaust Manifold
- Flex Plate
- Fuel Delivery and Air Induction
- Ignition Control Module
- Ignition Timing
- Neutral Safety Switch
- Radiator Cooling Fan Control Module
- Radiator Cooling Fan Motor Relay
- Seat Belt Systems
- Spark Plug
- Starter Motor
- Steering
- Suspension
- Wheel Cylinder
- Wheel Stud / Lug Nut
- Pressure, Vacuum and Temperature Specifications
- Capacity Specifications
- Fluid Type Specifications
- Technical Service Bulletins
Diagnostic Trouble Codes
Factory Service Tools
Use the Manual With the Right Hardware
Pair factory procedures with proven DIY tools so the instructions are easier to execute.
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When to See a Mechanic
Stop DIY work and contact a certified mechanic immediately if any of the following apply:
- • You smell fuel, burning insulation, or see smoke.
- • Brakes feel soft, pull hard to one side, or make grinding noises.
- • The engine overheats, stalls repeatedly, or misfires under load.
- • You are missing required tools, torque specs, or safe lifting equipment.
- • You are not confident in the next step or safety outcome.
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