Sensor operating range information can help determine if a sensor is out of calibration. An out-of-calibration sensor may not set a trouble code, but it will cause driveability problems.

NOTE: All voltage tests should be performed with a Digital Volt-Ohmmeter (DVOM) with a minimum 10-megohm input impedance, unless stated otherwise in test procedure.

VANE AIRFLOW METER TERMINAL RESISTANCE

Across Terminals	Fully Closed Ohms	Fully Open Ohms
E2-Vs	20-400	20-1000
E2-Vc	100-300	100-300
E2-Vb	200-400	200-400
E2-THA	-4°F (-20°C) 13.6-18.4k	-4°F (-20°C) 13.6-18.4k
E2-THA	68°F (20°C) 2.2-2.7k	68°F (20°C) 2.2-2.7k
E2-THA	140°F (60°C) 500-700	140°F (60°C) 500-700
E1-Fc	Infinite	0

Fig 1: Identifying Vane Airflow Meter Connector Terminals

Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.

ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR RESISTANCE

Temperature °F (°C)	Resistance Ohms
-4 (-20)	14,600-17,800
68 (20)	2,300-2,700
176 (80)	200-400

O2 SENSOR VOLTAGE

O2 Terminal to Ground ⁽¹⁾

Volts

4000 RPM

.55 V

More Than 4000 RPM

.5-1.0 V

Less Than 4000 RPM

0-0.4 V

⁽¹⁾	With engine warm and at specified RPM.

THROTTLE POSITION SWITCH (TPS) RESISTANCE

Test Condition ⁽¹⁾

Continuity Between IDL-TL

Continuity Between PSW-TL

.02" (.5 mm)

Yes

.03" (.7 mm)

Wide Open Throttle

Yes

⁽¹⁾	Insert specified feeler gauge between throttle adjustment screw and stop lever.

When to See a Mechanic

Stop DIY work and contact a certified mechanic immediately if any of the following apply:

• You smell fuel, burning insulation, or see smoke.

• Brakes feel soft, pull hard to one side, or make grinding noises.

• The engine overheats, stalls repeatedly, or misfires under load.

• You are missing required tools, torque specs, or safe lifting equipment.

• You are not confident in the next step or safety outcome.

Safety Warning

Engine Controls - Sensor Operating Range Charts: Introduction

Use the Manual With the Right Hardware

When to See a Mechanic